TerraNostra-Bench: Benchmarking Spatial Downscaling and Temporal Rollout for Global 1-km Land-Use Reconstruction
Uncertainty in the terrestrial carbon cycle remains a major constraint in climate projections, partly due to imperfect land surface representations in Earth system models. We propose a data-driven framework for high-resolution land-use reconstruction, treated as a semantic-segmentation task, that combines coarse-resolution scenario data and climate classification with static geophysical features to produce annual land-use maps at 1 km resolution. We introduce TerraNostra-Bench, a change-aware evaluation protocol that separates spatial downscaling from autoregressive temporal rollout and scores models on the rare land-use-change pixels rather than the dominant static background. Using it, ...
| Authors | Amirpasha Mozaffari, Marina Castaño, Stefano Materia et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | physics.ao-ph |
| Published | 20 October 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 20 October 2026 |
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