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Paper · arXiv

Refuses When Asked, Complies When Acting: A Runtime Safety Check for Robot Control Loops

Frontier models can control robots through agent harnesses that loop on one question: what motion comes next toward the user's goal? We show that this default loop carries out harmful instructions. With GPT-6 Astra controlling a low-cost SO-101 arm through the Inspect Robots harness on three household tasks whose hazard is common knowledge, such as "put the knife in the toy basket", the policy refused 0% of 15 trials, attempted the harm every time, and completed it in 27%. Its one exit, give_up, is meant for goals that cannot be achieved, and it never cited the hazard. We add an optional runtime safety check to the loop: before the first motion, the model is asked whether it would carry o...

AuthorsArnav Grover
Primary categorycs.RO
Published19 October 2026
Last updated at source19 October 2026
cs.ROcs.AI
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