Nested Shared-Operator Recursion on ARC-AGI-1: An Empirical Study of HRM, TRM and URM
Recursive reasoning models refine persistent internal states by repeatedly applying learned operators. We investigate whether adding a persistent intermediate state that integrates repeated updates of a faster state through the same operator improves predictive performance relative to each model family's baseline at matched parameter counts. We define this organisation operationally and implement it within three architectures: the Hierarchical Reasoning Model (HRM), Tiny Recursive Model (TRM) and Universal Reasoning Model (URM). Using the official codebases on ARC-AGI-1, we compare each baseline with its parameter-matched nested variant. We evaluate held-out queries from tasks whose demon...
| Authors | Sara Neri, Eugenio Gaeta, Andrea Ceschini et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.LG |
| Published | 19 October 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 19 October 2026 |
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