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Paper · arXiv

Provable Adversarial Detection: Prime Quantization meets Gromov--Wasserstein

Adversarial vulnerability persists across modern vision architectures from CNNs to vision language models (VLMs), yet existing detection methods rely on heuristics without theoretical guarantees. We address the fundamental question of when adversarial perturbations can be provably detected from a geometric perspective. Our key insight is that adversarial perturbations cannot simultaneously preserve geometric structure across spaces with fundamentally different properties. Accordingly, we construct two such complementary metric spaces. First, we use a standard CNN embedding space $Z$, where adversarial samples exhibit significant displacement patterns. Second, we build a novel prime-quanti...

AuthorsManohar Kaul, Sadbhavana Babar, Aditya Ramesh et al.
Primary categorycs.LG
Published19 October 2026
Last updated at source19 October 2026
cs.LG
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