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Paper · arXiv

Looped GNNs Beyond Fixed Depth: Graph Size Generalization and Parameter-Efficient Adaptation

Generalizing from small graphs to larger ones can require computation beyond the depth of a neural model used during training. We study target tasks that admit a common local iterative computation and whose effective dependency radius grows with graph size. The central idea is to learn a local update rule through GNN pretraining, then repeatedly apply the same learned processor beyond the training depth to extend information reach on larger graphs without retraining. Calling such parameter-shared architecture a \emph{looped GNN}, we categorize six schemes for looped GNNs to separate the effects of depth extension, fine-tuning, and freeze-and-steer adaptation. Our analysis establishes fixe...

AuthorsZhiyang Wang, Zhishang Luo, Yusu Wang
Primary categorycs.LG
Published16 October 2026
Last updated at source16 October 2026
cs.LG
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