From Adults to Children: Benchmarking Foundation Models for Chest X-Ray Classification under Domain Shift
Foundation models have shown significant potential across diverse fields and have been applied to medical imaging, but their robustness across patient populations remains unclear. In this work, we investigate foundation models' ability to generalize from adult to pediatric chest X-ray classification. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first benchmark to compare multiple foundation models under a common adult-to-pediatric evaluation setting while also analyzing the effect of adaptation depth. We harmonize VinDr-CXR and PediCXR into a five-label classification task and evaluate six foundation models and two CNN baselines. All models are adapted using adult data only and tested in bot...
| Authors | Sara Inácio, Hugo Proença, João C. Neves |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CV |
| Published | 15 October 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 15 October 2026 |
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