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Paper · arXiv

Articulation Upper Bounds for Language Models

Language captures only a subset of the perceptions, intuitions and intents that form meaning between speakers. What, then, are the limits of language? We take steps towards measuring this in LLMs as follows: for a set of concepts, we measure how well each concept can be transmitted between two LLMs as their capabilities scale. This requires novel measurement tools: (1) optimal messages: we introduce a prompt optimization algorithm that beats existing algorithms by up to 14% on benchmarks and accurately estimates prompt upper bounds. (2) A transmission measure: the sender is asked to label text; the receiver then tries to recover the sender's prompt, and recovery is measured; we find this ...

AuthorsAlexander Spangher, Daniel E. Ho, Diyi Yang et al.
Primary categorycs.AI
Published14 October 2026
Last updated at source14 October 2026
cs.AIcs.CLcs.LG
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