Consider, Then Choose: Order-Invariant Decisions in System One Models
System One models answer typed questions in a single forward pass and promise the same answer for the same input. For choice questions, this promise fails: the answer depends on the order of the options, increasingly so as they grow in number, and averaging over their cyclic shifts reduces this dependence without removing it. Scoring each option alone, which the order cannot affect, shows that the order changes the answer mostly when the model is unsure among its top few options, even though the listwise answer looks confident. We therefore propose $\textbf{Runoff}$, which considers, then chooses: it scores each option alone to keep a few candidates, then compares them in listings where e...
| Authors | Jianguo Huang, Yao Long Teng, Yanchen Deng et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.AI |
| Published | 13 October 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 13 October 2026 |
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