Lüshi-1840: Building and Probing a Knowledge Cutoff for a Classical Chinese Language Model
Language models trained only on text from before a given year are useful for studying hindsight and historical language, but the open collections of pre-modern Chinese carry no publication dates and unreliable dynasty labels. We present Lüshi-1840, a 983M-parameter model trained from scratch on 12,262 books (1.28B characters) selected as composed before 1840. A first corpus, dated by a common heuristic, in effect ended at 1644 while containing twentieth-century material. We describe the re-dating and cleaning pipeline that replaced it and an audit with markers the pipeline did not use, which still finds later material. On the model side we measure surprisal, relative to a modern reference...
| Authors | Alex Liu |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CL |
| Published | 12 October 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 12 October 2026 |
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