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ASSET: Adaptive Speech Segmentation via Reinforcement Learning

Speech large language models (LLMs) are often built using pretrained acoustic encoders as an audio interface to an LLM decoder. However, LLMs scale poorly with input sequence length, while acoustic encoders tend to produce substantially longer sequences than typical textual inputs. This motivates learning to compress encoder outputs while preserving task-oriented information. To this end, we introduce ASSET, a reinforcement learning (RL)-based framework that learns to adaptively compress encoder outputs by first partitioning them into variable-duration segments and then pooling each segment into a continuous audio token. We use group-relative policy optimization (GRPO) to train a segmente...

AuthorsCihan Xiao, Yuan Tseng, Matthew Wiesner et al.
Primary categorycs.CL
Published9 October 2026
Last updated at source9 October 2026
cs.CL
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