FlyMark: Training-Free Invisible Watermarking of 3D Gaussian Splatting via a Fruit Fly Connectome
A trained 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) scene ships as a portable parameter array that can be copied, pruned, requantized, or repackaged outside its training pipeline, so ownership evidence is most useful when it lives in the released parameters and remains checkable long after the embedding tooling is gone. Existing 3DGS watermarks typically tie embedding or extraction to scene optimization, a learned decoder, or rendered views, so the evidence survives only as long as a second trained artifact does. FlyMark instead writes a keyed message into the parameters a 3DGS file already stores. Its carrier directions are derived from the photoreceptors of a published connectome, a citable versione...
| Authors | Ziyuan Luo, Haoliang Li, Renjie Wan |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CV |
| Published | 8 October 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 8 October 2026 |
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