Dual-QK: Sharp Queries and Flat Keys for Prunable 2-bit KV Caches
Long inputs and extended generation increase the storage and access costs of the key-value (KV) cache. Low-bit quantization reduces storage and memory traffic, while query-channel pruning can further reduce key-cache reads. Rotation-based quantization redistributes the energy of key outliers across channels. To maintain computational invariance, the same orthogonal transform must be applied to queries, preserving query-key dot products. However, this rotation can disperse query energy, weakening the separation between a few large components to retain and many small ones to prune. We introduce Dual-QK, which uses paired non-orthogonal query and key transforms to address this conflict. Usin...
| Authors | Sunjoo Whang, Jungjun Oh, Minsung Kim et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.LG |
| Published | 7 October 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 7 October 2026 |
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