Do Vision Models Learn Physical Constraints or Rendering Shortcuts? A Counterfactual Benchmark for Grounded Physical Consistency
Modern image editing models can satisfy a text instruction while breaking the physics of the edited scene. A new object may cast no shadow, a mirror may fail to reflect visible geometry, or an object may float above a surface that should support it. We study physical plausibility diagnosis, detecting whether an edited image violates scene physics, naming the violation type, localizing the affected region, and explaining the failure in language. We introduce a counterfactual benchmark whose controlled synthetic component uses Mitsuba~3 to generate 5,500 images from 500 scene families. Each family contains one clean image and ten matched violations involving shadows, reflection, support, su...
| Authors | M. Moein Esfahani, Sepehr Salem, Mohammed Alser et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CV |
| Published | 6 October 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 6 October 2026 |
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