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Paper · arXiv

A Systematic Study of Semantic ID Spaces for Generative Information Retrieval

Generative Information Retrieval (GIR) has emerged as a transformative paradigm, shifting document retrieval from a traditional "retrieve-and-rank" workflow to sequence-to-sequence generation, where a model directly predicts document identifiers (DocIDs). While the semantic design of these DocIDs is known to be critical for performance, a fundamental question remains under-explored: what makes a good DocID? Current approaches rely heavily on computationally expensive downstream evaluations, hindering systematic analysis and rapid iteration. In this work, we address this challenge by presenting a comprehensive study on the properties, metrics, and trade-offs that define effective numerical...

AuthorsAlexia Allal, Hicham Randrianarivo, Sylvain Lamprier
Primary categorycs.IR
Published6 October 2026
Last updated at source6 October 2026
cs.IRcs.CL
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