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Paper · arXiv

An equality condition for the Dobrushin bound on attention rollout and how often it holds in trained transformers

The Dobrushin coefficient of each attention-rollout factor satisfies $κ(\frac12(I+A))\le\frac12(1+κ(A))$, and multiplying these inequalities over layers bounds the coefficient of the whole rollout. We characterise exactly when the layerwise bound is tight: equality holds if and only if some token pair attaining $κ(A)$ is mutually self-dominant - each of the two attends to itself at least as strongly as the other attends to it. The condition is far from automatic: uniformly random stochastic matrices satisfy it only 24-30% of the time. When tested on the head-averaged attention of each individual input and restricted to content tokens - image patches, words or tabular features, excluding c...

AuthorsPrzemysław Rola
Primary categorycs.LG
Published4 October 2026
Last updated at source4 October 2026
cs.LGmath.PR
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