Universal Test-Time Training
Recent Test-Time Training (TTT) architectures compress context into fast weights that are updated online and queried as memory. Existing TTT designs keep this memory private to each layer: it recurs only over time, and depth merely indexes L separate memories. We argue that memory ownership need not be tied to depth, and introduce Universal Test-Time Training (uTTT), in which all layers read and write one shared memory while retaining layer-specific backbone parameters. The shared memory thus recurs over two dimensions, time and depth, with chunks and layers as their units: a write by a deep layer in one chunk can be read by a shallow layer in the next. We instantiate this idea as uTTT-Mo...
| Authors | Zefan Cai, Qinzhe Hu, Ziqiao Ma et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.LG |
| Published | 4 October 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 4 October 2026 |
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