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Paper · arXiv

FLAT: Smoothing the Rugged Landscape for Learnable, Sample-Efficient Traffic Calibration

Calibrating microscopic traffic models for digital twins is an expensive black-box optimization problem: tuning car-following and lane-changing parameters requires a full simulation run, affording only a tight budget per recalibration window. Matching raw trajectories yields a rugged objective that sparse surrogates cannot learn, reducing sequential acquisition to near-random probing. We present FLAT, which couples what to optimize with where to sample next. An eight-dimensional behavioral fingerprint smooths the parameter-error landscape, making the objective learnable from a few dozen samples; annealed lower-confidence-bound (LCB) acquisition then spends each remaining run where it most...

AuthorsHaopeng Deng, Shuo He, Dayuan Wang
Primary categoryphysics.soc-ph
Published3 October 2026
Last updated at source3 October 2026
physics.soc-phcs.CEcs.LG
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