When to Compile a Computer-Use Agent? Measuring Payback and Making Compilation Decisions for Token Efficiency
Compiling GUI procedures that agents execute repeatedly into programs can reduce their token costs. However, measuring payback and deciding when to compile have two challenges. First, compilation costs are uncertain because attempts can require repair and still fail to produce a usable program. Second, future reuse is unknown because tasks may stop arriving or GUI drift may stop the program from working. To address these challenges, we propose PACE (Payback-Aware Compilation from Experience), a system with a measurement protocol and an online compilation algorithm. The measurement protocol records successful and failed compilation costs, and compares agent and program execution costs on m...
| Authors | Yulong Ming, Jie Xu, Zihan Wu et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.AI |
| Published | 2 October 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 2 October 2026 |
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