False Floors: LLM Safety Routing Evaluations Break Under Distribution Shift
Safety routers send each request to one of several models and are judged against the best single model. A major routing benchmark picks that comparator on the evaluation data. In the benchmark's own setting this is harmless, but under distribution shift it is not. On HELM Safety the selection cost is 0.003-0.030 of harm under random splits and 0.045-0.113 under held-out categories, comparable to the whole deficit attributed to routing, with its direction holding under either published judge alone. It rises seven- to ninefold on AgentDojo when suites are held out. Across seven safety corpora chosen by rules fixed in advance, three meet a registered interval test and four beat a later permu...
| Authors | Amit Singh Bhatti, Vishal Vaddina |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CR |
| Published | 1 October 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 1 October 2026 |
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