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Paper · arXiv

Classical Hardness of Learning Functions of Hamiltonians

Morohoshi, Nakayama, Manabe, and Mitarai proposed a physically motivated quantum machine learning problem in which the goal is to predict quantities of the form $\operatorname{Tr}[f(H)ρ]$ from classical descriptions of a Hamiltonian $H$ and a quantum state $ρ$, where $f$ is an unknown function. We call this problem Hamiltonian function learning in this paper. They constructed an efficient quantum learning algorithm under suitable conditions, while leaving a rigorous proof of average-case classical hardness open. In this paper, we rigorously prove the average-case classical hardness for two distribution-specific Hamiltonian function learning problems for $f_{\cos,π}(λ)=\cos(πλ)$ and $f_{\e...

AuthorsSota Hashimoto, Akinori Kawachi
Primary categoryquant-ph
Published1 October 2026
Last updated at source1 October 2026
quant-phcs.LG
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