Deep Learning-Based Tri-Hybrid Multi-User MIMO Precoding: The Blessing of EM-Reconfigurable Antennas
Electromagnetic (EM)-reconfigurable antennas provide multiple candidate radiation patterns per element, thereby introducing an additional EM-domain degree of freedom. Integrating radiation-pattern reconfigurability, realized as EM-domain precoding, with conventional hybrid analog-digital precoding yields tri-hybrid multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) precoding, which can substantially improve the spectral efficiency of wideband multi-user MIMO orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. However, the joint design of EM, analog, and digital precoding remains challenging. To address this challenge, we propose a tri-hybrid precoding network (Tri-PNet) based on Conformer, an e...
| Authors | Kaijun Feng, Jiaxin He, Hongrui Yu et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | eess.SP |
| Published | 30 September 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 30 September 2026 |
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