Anchor-ECC: Local Integrity Checking for Watermarked LLM Outputs via Error-Correcting Codes
LLM watermarking has become an effective approach to distinguishing AI-generated text from human-written text by embedding detectable patterns during generation. However, a small post-generation edit may change the meaning of the text without removing its overall watermark signal, creating a risk that the modified content is still attributed to the original model. We propose Anchor-ECC, which incorporates the error-correcting code (ECC) constraints and explicit boundary anchors into the watermark structure and pairs them with a dynamic-programming decoder to detect and localize post-generation edits. Across Qwen3-8B, Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3, and OPT-125M, the approximate-hard setting ach...
| Authors | Zewei Deng, Muhammad Siddeek, Liyan Xie et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CR |
| Published | 30 September 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 30 September 2026 |
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