An Empirical Study of Architectural Shift from Traditional to AI-Enabled Simulink Controllers
Effective AI adoption in cyber-physical systems (CPS) depends on embedding design knowledge into engineering practice. Yet as AI-enabled components increasingly replace analytically derived control laws, this occurs without a systematic understanding of how controller architectures differ or remain similar across paradigms. We address this gap with an empirical study of traditional and AI-enabled Simulink controllers, guided by a literature-derived taxonomy of ten structural categories and nine functional roles. The study analyzes 62 real-world models spanning 8 controller types and 10 application domains, and surveys 13 practitioners, identifying three architectural tensions. First, subs...
| Authors | Hadiza Umar Yusuf, Khouloud Gaaloul |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.SE |
| Published | 29 September 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 29 September 2026 |
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