WISE-ATTA: When to Ask for Labels in Budgeted Active Test-Time Adaptation
Active test-time adaptation (ATTA) improves robustness under distribution shift by updating a deployed model during inference while selectively querying supervision. However, most existing ATTA methods implicitly assume that supervision can be requested for every incoming test batch, which can incur substantial annotation cost over long test streams. In this work, we introduce budgeted ATTA in which labels are available for only a fraction of test batches. This formulation shifts the central challenge from deciding what to label within a batch to deciding when supervision should be applied over time. To address this challenge, we propose a budget-aware approach WISE-ATTA that allocates su...
| Authors | Muhammad Huzaifa, Lea Schönherr, Thorsten Eisenhofer |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.AI |
| Published | 29 September 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 2 October 2026 |
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