Invariant Atoms: Sparse Coordinates of Local Semantic Geometry in Language Model Representations
Large language models often preserve meaning despite substantial changes in wording, style, and syntax, while small semantic edits can systematically alter their hidden representations. This suggests that semantic variation may be organized along recurring local directions. We propose the Invariant Atom Hypothesis: local semantic motion admits preferred sparse coordinates along directions that remain stable under meaning-preserving transformations. We learn a shared semantic frame and sparse coordinates that reconstruct semantic displacements while suppressing nuisance variation, with anchor-dependent diagonal modulation adjusting atom strengths without sample-specific rotations. Empirica...
| Authors | Muhammad Ahtesham, Xin Zhong |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.LG |
| Published | 29 September 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 29 September 2026 |
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