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Paper · arXiv

Reinforcing Agentic Creativity in Scientific Ideation with Night Science

Large language models (LLMs) excel at structured, verifiable tasks, but their low-entropy bias can produce homogeneous and predictable outputs, limiting their utility for open-ended scientific ideation. Effective discovery, however, spans a broader creative spectrum: from structured day science to loosely structured, serendipitous night science that reaches ideas beyond those typically considered. We introduce AI Night-Scientist, an agentic framework that uses reinforcement learning to teach models when and how to depart from predictable reasoning. Grounded in cognitive science, we model creativity along three axes: action (what to do and how creatively), process (when to explore versus e...

AuthorsPriyanka Kargupta, Silviu Cucerzan, Shweti Mahajan et al.
Primary categorycs.AI
Published28 September 2026
Last updated at source28 September 2026
cs.AIcs.CL
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