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Paper · arXiv

VisionHOPE: Visual Backbones as Self-Modifying Learning Systems

Visual backbones have evolved from Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with local aggregation to Vision Transformers (ViTs) with global interactions, State-Space Models (SSMs) with input-dependent state transitions, and Test-Time Training (TTT) layers that adapt an inner learner while processing an image. Across this progression, visual computation has become increasingly adaptive to each input, yet the rules governing that adaptation remain largely prescribed by the trained backbone. We introduce VisionHOPE, the first generic visual backbone formulated as a self-modifying learning system, in which what the model remembers and how it learns co-evolve within an image. Building on the self...

AuthorsSiran Peng, Tianshuo Zhang, Tianyu Fu et al.
Primary categorycs.CV
Published27 September 2026
Last updated at source27 September 2026
cs.CV
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