From annotation to reasoning: Culture in language models
How should we evaluate language models when more than one interpretation can be right? Cultural benchmarks often test factual knowledge, agreement with survey responses, or recognition of a predefined meaning. These tasks leave open whether a model can explain how a cultural reference works in a particular text, support a reading with evidence, or revise it after criticism. This is a question of interpretive depth, complementary to the breadth of cultural coverage. We argue that literary interpretation offers a useful setting for studying these capabilities. We focus on cultural referencing and reuse: how texts invoke, repeat, and transform earlier expressions across historical and lingui...
| Authors | Daniel Hershcovich, Alexander Conroy, Jens Bjerring-Hansen |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CL |
| Published | 25 September 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 25 September 2026 |
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