Robots That Take Initiative: A Framework for Building and Evaluating Proactive Robots
Effective robot assistance beyond narrow roles and repetitive tasks requires robots to be proactive - to decide what needs to be done rather than waiting to be told. While proactivity is increasingly explored, it lacks a unified formulation, and work in the domain is typically evaluated offline against static human models that cannot capture the effect of a robot's actions on the environment and the user's own behavior. We introduce a unified formalism for proactive robot assistance, organize it into three levels, and provide a framework to address the highest level of unprompted proactive assistance. We then show that offline evaluation overstates performance in this setting, and contrib...
| Authors | Maithili Patel, Sonia Chernova |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.RO |
| Published | 24 September 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 24 September 2026 |
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