Beyond Accuracy: How Procedural Traces Shift the Decision Criterion of LLM Overseers
Organizations increasingly use oversight loops where one large language model (LLM) audits another's outputs alongside procedural traces of claimed steps. A common concern about such LLM-as-a-judge pipelines is that detailed traces make overseers gullible. Using signal detection theory, we audit five LLM overseers on 19 compliance tasks (4,551 analyzed judgments), varying only trace detail and evidence labeling. With disconfirming evidence always visible, error detection remains near ceiling. Instead, elaborate traces shift the decision criterion toward rejection, increasing false alarms in susceptible overseers. Without option labels, human-validated reason coding shows about 60% of fals...
| Authors | Zihan Chen, Di Zhu, Lei Zheng et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CL |
| Published | 16 September 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 16 September 2026 |
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