What Breaks Local Watermarks? A Robustness Benchmark for Local Invisible Image Watermarking
Local image watermarking embeds an invisible signal into selected image regions rather than spreading it across the entire image, enabling payload recovery from specific objects or regions without perceptibly altering the image. Existing studies evaluate the robustness of payload recovery and localization under image transformations, but they often focus on their own proposed method, resulting in narrow evaluations with inconsistent choices of transformations, datasets, and metrics. These inconsistencies across studies limit direct comparisons across methods and muddle the overall picture of local watermark robustness. To address this gap, we present the first systematic robustness benchm...
| Authors | Kai Yao, Bence Szilágyi, Sebestyén Kamp et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CV |
| Published | 15 September 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 15 September 2026 |
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