LoRA-RC: Reservoir Computing with Low-Rank Adaptation

Reservoir computing (RC) trains only a linear readout over a fixed recurrent layer, making it fast and data-efficient for online prediction. However, a static reservoir degrades under system drift, readout-only adaptation is then insufficient, and unconstrained reservoir adaptation can destroy the echo-state and incremental stability properties that make RC reliable. This paper proposes LoRA-RC, which adapts the recurrent matrix through a low-rank correction driven by streaming prediction errors. The base reservoir and adaptation bases are fixed offline; a small core matrix is adapted online, projected onto a spectral-norm ball, and low-pass filtered at each step. The projection guarantee...

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