CopyShield: A Cross-Level Benchmark of Copyright Defenses in LLMs
Large language models can reproduce memorized text verbatim, yet copyright defenses are usually evaluated under incompatible protocols. We introduce CopyShield, a controlled benchmark comparing three representative defenses at distinct intervention levels: contrastive decoding (output), Direct Preference Optimization (behavioral), and activation intervention (representation). We evaluate CopyShield on two model families, LLaMA-3.1-8B and Mistral-7B-v0.3, using controlled memorization over five public-domain books and a shared protocol measuring literal leakage, calibrated non-literal leakage, utility, and degeneracy. Across these methods, intervention level is associated with distinct com...
| Authors | Maryam Alshehyari, Dushyant Singh Chauhan, Samuele Poppi et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.LG |
| Published | 1 September 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 1 September 2026 |
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