District-Level Food Environment Indicators and Social Vulnerability in São Paulo
Urban food environments may reflect broader socioeconomic inequalities, but district-level evidence remains limited in Brazilian cities. This study examined whether indicators of food retail and street-market availability discriminate between levels of social vulnerability across the 96 districts of São Paulo. We conducted an exploratory cross-sectional ecological analysis integrating the São Paulo Social Vulnerability Index (IPVS), establishment records from the Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (RAIS), and street-market data from CAISAN. Census-sector information was aggregated at the district level. Twenty districts without an IPVS classification were excluded, resulting in 76 obser...
| Authors | Pedro Lemes Sixel Lobo, Eric Tokuda, Kuruvilla Joseph Abraham et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | physics.soc-ph |
| Published | 26 August 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 26 August 2026 |
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