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Paper · arXiv

LLM-Based Selection of Incongruent Verbal and Nonverbal Behavior for Virtual Humans

Nonverbal behavior generation systems for virtual agents often take an utterance as input and generate nonverbal behaviors that emphasize or illustrate the content of the verbal channel. However, human nonverbal behavior is shaped by more than the content of the speech. It is also influenced by speaker roles, interpersonal relationships, social context, and the cognitive and emotional states of the interactants. As a result, the nonverbal channel may reinforce, weaken, qualify, or even contradict the verbal channel. It may also reveal internal states that are hidden or only indirectly implied in speech, including emotional "leakage" that may be incidental to the immediate interaction. Mod...

AuthorsParisa Ghanad Torshizi, Stacy Marsella
Primary categorycs.AI
Published24 August 2026
Last updated at source24 August 2026
cs.AIcs.HCcs.RO
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