Foresight-England: Development of a National-Scale Generative AI Model of Electronic Health Records for Medical Event Prediction across the COVID-19 Pandemic
Foresight-England (Foresight-E) is the first national-scale generative foundation model of electronic health records (EHRs), developed as a research pilot strictly for COVID-19 research. We evaluated its ability to model the direct and indirect effects of the pandemic. Trained from scratch entirely within the NHS England Secure Data Environment, Foresight-E is a 243-million-parameter transformer decoder. It was trained and evaluated on de-identified, longitudinal EHRs of approximately 61 million individuals, integrating primary/secondary care, death registrations, and COVID-19 data. Training and validation used a 90% subset (54.9 million) spanning November 2018 to December 2022; the remai...
| Authors | Simon Ellershaw, Christopher Tomlinson, Zeljko Kraljevic et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.LG |
| Published | 17 August 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 17 August 2026 |
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