Surface-to-Skeleton 3D Cephalometry: Estimating Hidden Skeletal Landmarks from CT-Derived External Soft-Tissue Surfaces
Existing 3D facial-landmark methods localize points on visible skin, but whether CT-defined internal skeletal landmarks can be inferred from external soft-tissue geometry remains unclear. We formulate a coordinate-consistent surface-to-skeleton task using same-acquisition CT-derived surfaces, separating estimation from optical-to-CT registration, scanner-domain, and acquisition-state effects, with coverage analyzed separately. From 240 clinical CT scans from two hospitals, we construct a locked retrospective protocol pairing CT-derived external soft-tissue point clouds with 21 skeletal landmarks and three visible soft-tissue landmarks. An integrated hierarchical point-cloud model achieves...
| Authors | Tomoki Abe, Taiki Kanaya, Kazuki Saita et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CV |
| Published | 12 August 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 12 August 2026 |
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