Intent Speaks Louder: Controllable User Simulation Beyond Response Imitation
User simulators are widely used as scalable environments for training and evaluating interactive assistants. Generating the next user turn is inherently one-to-many: the same profile and dialogue context may support multiple plausible continuations with different local interaction intents. A fluent response may therefore advance the dialogue through an inappropriate intent, such as acceptance rather than repair. Our key insight is that controllable user simulation should separate which local interaction intent the next user turn should realize from how that intent is expressed in language. We introduce UserIDA (User Intent-Directive Alignment), which exposes interaction intent as an expli...
| Authors | Bo Wang, Ruixing Zhang, Yunqi Liu et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CL |
| Published | 10 August 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 10 August 2026 |
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