Metadata Reconstruction from Values Alone: Recovering Column Semantics in Undocumented Warehouses

Text-to-SQL benchmarks ship schemas whose column names already say what the columns mean. Production warehouses are the inverse: cryptic identifiers, partial or absent documentation. We address the problem they pose first: recovering what columns and values mean from the data itself. Rosetta places a language model inside a verification harness: a deterministic profiler extracts structural evidence (value fingerprints, a 26-pattern library, checksum verdicts), the model proposes semantics conditioned on that evidence, and every fact carries provenance and a confidence bounded by its evidence class. Against human documentation on 680 paired columns across eleven BIRD databases, identifiers...

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