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Paper · arXiv

Counterfactual Benchmarking and Training for Factuality Consistency and Order-Robust Grounded Reasoning in LLMs over Heterogeneous Knowledge

Large language models (LLMs) have increasingly supported response generation grounded in user-provided knowledge spanning heterogeneous structures. However, existing benchmarks provide limited assessment of whether LLMs can faithfully perform multi-hop reasoning chains across such knowledge contexts while remaining robust to variations in their input order. We introduce TKFQA, a factuality consistency benchmark comprising 10,130 question-answering (QA) pairs grounded in tables, texts, and knowledge graphs (KGs). Each example is constructed from an explicit counterfactual reasoning chain, enabling the joint evaluation of answer correctness, reasoning-chain accuracy, and robustness to diffe...

AuthorsShibo Chu, Yuze Liu, Tiehua Zhang et al.
Primary categorycs.AI
Published8 August 2026
Last updated at source8 August 2026
cs.AI
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