Escaping Oversquashing: Addressable and Support-Aware Global Memory for Message Passing Networks
Virtual nodes are a natural tool against oversquashing: they replace long message-passing paths by a two-hop global route. But when many nodes share one global state, that shortcut can become a bottleneck itself. We study two properties of this global memory. First, addressability: under constant-margin address codes and a nonlinearity that amplifies this margin, multiplicative write/read maps provide $M$ selectable memory rows with only $O(\log M)$ address-code dimensions. Cross-attention slots and a constrained $ELU+1$ bilinear memory both satisfy these conditions. Second, support awareness: normalized cross-attention has no self-key for a latent query to use as a reference. A learned p...
| Authors | Félix Marcoccia |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.LG |
| Published | 3 August 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 2 October 2026 |
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