BiKAN: Restoring Collapsed Basis of Binary Kolmogorov--Arnold Networks
Binarizing a polynomial Kolmogorov--Arnold Network (KAN) not only changes parameter precision, but also alters the function space available to each layer. When activations are restricted to ${-1,+1}$, all even powers reduce to $1$ and all odd powers reduce to $x$, causing the elementwise polynomial basis to collapse to constant and first-order responses. We refer to this structural failure as Spatial Orthogonality Collapse. Our proposed BiKAN addresses this critical issue by augmenting each binary KAN layer with selected degree-2 Walsh characters. Fixed circular channel rolls generate pairwise parities, and learned binary projections mix them using the same XNOR--popcount operations as th...
| Authors | Kazi Ahmed Asif Fuad, Lizhong Chen |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.LG |
| Published | 2 August 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 2 August 2026 |
Silytics shows public metadata from arXiv and links to the original. Information may be incomplete or out of date. Last refreshed 17 October 2026. Licenses and terms of the original apply to the work itself. Not financial, legal or professional advice.