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Natural Invariant Measures for Chaotic Game Dynamics: Finding Order in Chaos

We study the long-term behavior of the Multiplicative Weights Update (MWU) algorithm in game settings where learning dynamics frequently fail to converge to Nash equilibria and instead exhibit Li-Yorke chaos. While such chaos precludes the prediction of specific long-term strategy profiles, it does not imply a lack of statistical structure. We demonstrate that natural invariant measures - a fundamental concept from ergodic theory - provide the rigorous framework necessary to find order within this chaos. Focusing on a two-strategy congestion game, we prove that these measures allow for a comprehensive statistical characterization of the dynamics. Crucially, we show that this framework ext...

AuthorsJakub Bielawski, Thiparat Chotibut, Fryderyk Falniowski et al.
Primary categorymath.DS
Published23 July 2026
Last updated at source23 July 2026
math.DScs.LGecon.TH
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