When Close Enough Is Not Enough: Autoregressive Drift in Quantum Circuit Synthesis
Quantum circuit optimization for fault-tolerant computing requires exact functional equivalence while minimizing expensive non-Clifford resources such as T gates. We study this problem using a compact 44.8M-parameter encoder-decoder transformer with structured circuit tokenization, evaluating on parameterized circuits (2-6 qubits) and Clifford+T circuits (3-6 qubits). On parameterized circuits, a hybrid approach -- structure from the transformer, angles from classical optimization -- achieves median fidelity 1.000 on 3-6 qubit circuits. On Clifford+T circuits, where all gates are discrete and no post-processing is possible, the model learns valid syntax and accurate T-Count statistics, ye...
| Authors | Mehdi Saeedi, Eddie Richter, Paul Hartke |
|---|---|
| Primary category | quant-ph |
| Published | 14 July 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 14 July 2026 |
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