Vision Foundation Models in Radiology: A Scoping Review of Data, Methodology, Evaluation and Clinical Translation
Vision foundation models (VFMs) are increasingly being developed for radiological imaging, yet their definition, development and evaluation remain heterogeneous. We conducted a PRISMAScR scoping review of peer-reviewed studies published between January 2017 and March 2026 describing foundation models trained exclusively on radiological imaging data. Sixty-seven studies were included and mapped across three pillars: data scale and heterogeneity, architectural and pretraining scalability, and downstream transferability and generalization. Datasets primarily covered brain MRI, thoracoabdominal CT, and chest X-ray, ranging from fewer than 100,000 samples to multi-million-image cohorts. Transf...
| Authors | Alejandro Vergara-Richart, Xavier Rafael-Palou, Almudena Fuster-Matanzo et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CV |
| Published | 8 July 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 8 July 2026 |
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