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Paper · arXiv

OpenSafeIntent: Evaluating Intent-Calibrated Safe Completion Across Dual-Use Prompt Sets

Safe completion requires models to provide useful assistance without enabling harm, but this behavior is difficult to evaluate with isolated prompts. We introduce OpenSafeIntent, a benchmark of controlled prompt-sets that vary intent while holding the underlying task fixed. Each datapoint contains benign, dual-use, and malicious variants of the same task. This design lets us evaluate whether models calibrate assistance across intent shifts, rather than merely appearing safe on average. Across a broad model suite, we find that prompt-level safety hides important failures: models often fail to remain safe across matched intent variants, dual-use behavior is brittle under paraphrase, high-le...

AuthorsRheeya Uppaal, Seungwoo Lyu, Selina Sung et al.
Primary categorycs.CL
Published2 July 2026
Last updated at source2 July 2026
cs.CLcs.AI
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