A Technical Typology of AI Systems in Public Administration
Research on artificial intelligence (AI) in the public sector often treats "AI" as a single category, neglecting technical distinctions between different AI systems. But these distinctions affect how different systems impact core public values like accountability, procedural justice, and non-discrimination. This paper argues that public administration research would benefit from more technical precision on "AI" and makes three contributions to this end. First, we introduce a typology of five categories of AI systems: hand-coded, glass-box, black-box, general-purpose, and agentic systems. We calibrate the typology to public administration by grouping system types by their distinct implicat...
| Authors | Jonathan Rystrøm, Chris Schmitz, Nathan Davies et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CY |
| Published | 30 June 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 30 June 2026 |
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