Do Image Editing Models Understand Lighting?

While recent advancements in generative image editing models have achieved stunning visual fidelity, it remains an open question whether these systems possess an intrinsic knowledge of real-world lighting. Existing benchmarks typically evaluate high-level plausibility of perceptual light transport on curated internet imagery, using VLMs or human judgement, or they rely on synthetically generated datasets. In this work, we introduce the 3D-anchored Light Probe (3DLP) benchmark, for which we have captured a new high-fidelity HDR dataset of real-world lighting changes. The dataset consists of 1K image pairs of diverse indoor scenery in which light probes are physically turned on and off. To ...

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