Who Owns the AI Recommendation? A Multi-Industry Empirical Map of Brand Category Ownership Across Large Language Models
This exploratory study measures brand inclusion across five industries, 50 brands and 250 queries, each put five times to GPT-5.2, Gemini 3 Flash and Perplexity sonar-pro in February and September 2026 (3,614 and 3,750 scored answers). Category Inclusion Rate, Recommendation Share, Competitive Vacuum Index and Co-Mention Asymmetry have stated denominators. February inclusion rates sit close together across an industry's sampled brands (mean Gini 0.30), while at least one brand is named in 80% or more of answers to 204 of 250 queries. Vacuums occur in 7.6% of queries; provisional open-vocabulary model readings suggest most reflect the sampled brand list. The partially pre-specified Septemb...
| Authors | Dmitrij Żatuchin |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.IR |
| Published | 22 June 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 23 September 2026 |
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