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Paper · arXiv

Causal Gaussian Processes for Robust Treatment Effect Evaluation with Unobserved Confounding

The presence of confounding bias poses a key challenge in policy evaluation, as the target causal effects of actions are not identifiable (i.e., underdetermined) from observational data. On the other hand, existing confounding-robust evaluation strategies require detailed prior knowledge about the environment or apply only to discrete treatments and outcomes. This paper investigates causal effect evaluation over the continuous domain from confounded observations, while requiring only basic temporal ordering between the treatment and the outcome. We introduce a universal discretization of the exogenous domains that approximates the observational and interventional distributions of any caus...

AuthorsJunzhe Zhang, Jingyuan Chen, Elias Bareinboim
Primary categorycs.LG
Published20 June 2026
Last updated at source20 June 2026
cs.LG
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